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How to configure mikrotik network equipment » History » Revision 31

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Nico Schottelius, 08/03/2020 06:16 PM

How to configure mikrotik network equipment

Status

This document is PRE PRODUCTION.

Finding a directly connected Mikrotik switch

If you don't know the IP address of a Mikrotik switch, just connect a direct cable to it and ping the IPv6 multicast all nodes address:

5: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 80:1f:02:d6:4c:50 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::821f:2ff:fed6:4c50/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
bridge:~# ping ff02::1%eth1
PING ff02::1%eth1 (ff02::1%5): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from fe80::821f:2ff:fed6:4c50: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.115 ms
64 bytes from fe80::c6ad:34ff:fe88:832b: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.588 ms (DUP!)
64 bytes from fe80::821f:2ff:fed6:4c50: seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.109 ms
64 bytes from fe80::c6ad:34ff:fe88:832b: seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.432 ms (DUP!)
^C
--- ff02::1%eth1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 2 duplicates, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.109/0.311/0.588 ms
bridge:~#
  • One of the ip address is you, the other one is the switch

Connecting to it via ssh:

[15:21] bridge:~% ssh admin@fe80::c6ad:34ff:fe88:832b%eth1
admin@fe80::c6ad:34ff:fe88:832b%eth1's password:

Setting up a newly arrived Mikrotik switch

This part is specific for mikrotik-crs326 devices and should

After arriving within 1 work day do:

  • Unpack
  • Find out which name the switch should have
    • go to https://netbox.ungleich.ch
    • search for crs326
    • identify the last used number
    • Create a new device
      • go to devices
      • devices
      • add
        • name: "mikrotik-crs326-XX"
        • device-role: a device role
        • device-type: CRS326
        • serial-number: <from the device>
        • site: placeX -
        • create
  • Add a physical label with its name
    • Do not continue before you have done that!
  • configure your notebook with the ipv4 address 192.168.88.23/24
  • connect to the crs326: ssh admin@192.168.88.1
  • Configure the switch
    • Set identity: /system identity set name=mikrotik-crs326-XX # use the correct name
    • Set password: /user set admin password= # use the password for mikrotik in the place that you are, use password store
    • Enable IPv6: /system package enable ipv6
    • Reboot so that IPv6 is enabled: /system reboot
    • Add a place indendent, unrouted IPv6 address: /ipv6 address add eui-64=yes advertise=no interface=bridge address=2a0a:e5c0:1:c::/64
    • Get the assigned IPv6 address: /ipv6 address print
    • Disconnect from the switch
  • Assign your notebook the IPv6 address 2a0a:e5c0:1:c::23/64
  • Connect to the switch via IPv6
    • Remove the IPv4 address 192.168.88.1 to avoid collisions with other switches: /ip address remove numbers=0
      • Verify: /ip address print
  • Verify / update entries in netbox:
    • Verify that the serial number is correct: :put [ /system routerboard get serial-number ]
    • Netbox
  • Ensure all steps are taken correctly
  • Move the device to our inventory / stock if not directly used

How to configure VLANs on the Mikrotik CRS326 series

Instead use the following procedure outlined in https://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Basic_VLAN_switching#CRS3xx_series_switches

/interface bridge add name=bridgevlans

# Tagged interfaces need to go in like this:
/interface bridge port add bridge=bridgevlans interface=sfp-sfpplus1 hw=yes

# Untagged interfaces need to go in like this:
/interface bridge port add bridge=bridgevlans interface=ether2 hw=yes pvid=20
/interface bridge port add bridge=bridgevlans interface=ether3 hw=yes pvid=20
...

# Then add them to "bridge vlan" 
/interface bridge vlan add bridge=bridgevlans tagged=ether1 untagged=ether2,ether3 vlan-ids=20
/interface bridge vlan add bridge=bridgevlans tagged=ether1,bridge1 vlan-ids=99

# Management
/interface vlan add interface=bridgevlans vlan-id=99 name=MGMT
/ipv6 address add eui-64=yes advertise=no address=2a0a:e5c0:... interface=MGMT

# Last step
/interface bridge set bridge1 vlan-filtering=yes

# Might need reboot for activating the IPv6 address
/system reboot

Configuring a Mikrotik switch for integration into the network

Depending on the usage scenario, we will define a variety of bridges and assign ports to it.

  • In almost all cases the uplink port will be the sfp-sfpplus1 port.
  • In almost all cases we want to apply vlan tagging to that port
  • For server networks, we configure the MTU to the highest value the switch supports
    • Devices are configured with a 9200 MTU
    • So the MTU on the switch ports needs to be at least 9200

First step for all integrations

Setup MTU of all sfp-sfpplus ports (plural) to 9200 and the L2MTU to 9204:

Use /interface print to find out the maximum MTU:

[admin@mikrotik-crs326-1] > /interface print 
Flags: D - dynamic, X - disabled, R - running, S - slave 
 #     NAME                                TYPE       ACTUAL-MTU L2MTU  MAX-L2MTU MAC-ADDRESS      
 0   S ether1                              ether            9200  9204      10218 B8:69:F4:8E:AC:BA
 1   S ether2                              ether            9200  9204      10218 B8:69:F4:8E:AC:BB
...
24  R  sfp-sfpplus1                        ether            9200  9204      10218 B8:69:F4:8E:AC:D2
25     sfp-sfpplus2                        ether            9200  9204      10218 B8:69:F4:8E:AC:D3

Above is already setup, but the values differ, use the following to set it correctly:

/interface set sfp-sfpplus1 mtu=9200 l2mtu=9204
/interface set sfp-sfpplus2 mtu=9200 l2mtu=9204

Use case 1: coworking network

To use the switch in a coworking network, we keep the MTU

  • Create a vlan interface named vlan-coworking: /interface vlan add vlan-id=15 name=vlan-coworking interface=sfp-sfpplus1
  • Create a bridge named bridge-coworking: /interface bridge add name=bridge-coworking
    • Verify that it is created: /interface print
  • Add the interface vlan-coworking to the bridge-coworking as a port: /interface vlan add interface=vlan-coworking
    • Verify that the port is added: /interface vlan print
  • Add all ethernet ports that you need for coworking to the bridge-coworking
    • For instance to add port 7: /interface bridge port set bridge=bridge-coworking numbers=6
      • Find the number of the interface with /interface bridge port print
    • Verify again like you did above

Use case 2: server or internal network

Steps similar to above, BUT ensure that the MTU is set correctly on all interfaces.

  • Ensure that the mtu is correct on the sfp-sfplus interfaces (see above)
    • This is important
  • We create a bridge named
    • bridge-server: /interface bridge add name=bridge-server
    • bridge-internal: /interface bridge add name=bridge-internal
  • We create a new vlan interface on sfp-sfpplus1 named
    • vlan-server: /interface vlan add name=vlan-server interface=sfp-sfpplus1 mtu=9200
    • vlan-internal: /interface vlan add name=vlan-internal interface=sfp-sfpplus1 mtu=9200
  • Add the
    • vlan-server interface as a port to bridge-server: /interface bridge port add interface=vlan-server bridge=bridge-server
    • vlan-internal interface as a port to bridge-internal: /interface bridge port add interface=vlan-internal bridge=bridge-internal
  • Verify that the MTU is correct
    • On the VLAN interface: /interface vlan print
    • On the bridge: /interface bridge print
    • On the sfp-sfpplus interfaces: /interface print
If the MTUs are wrong, you can encounter hanging connections, while ping (small packet) still works. Be careful to do it right.

Typical setup for a new mikrotik-crs326 in place6

You need to insert a GBIC module BEFORE seting mtu on the sfp-sfpplus interface

/interface set sfp-sfpplus1 mtu=10216 l2mtu=10218

/interface bridge add name=bridge-server
/interface vlan add name=vlan-server interface=sfp-sfpplus1 mtu=10214 vlan-id=11
/interface bridge port add interface=vlan-server bridge=bridge-server

/interface bridge add name=bridge-internal
/interface vlan add name=vlan-internal interface=sfp-sfpplus1 mtu=10214 vlan-id=10
/interface bridge port add interface=vlan-internal bridge=bridge-internal

/ipv6 address add eui-64=yes advertise=no interface=bridge-internal address=2a0a:e5c0:2::/64
/ipv6 address print

Update the switch to the latest version

(TBD for IPv6 only networks)

Make switch accept router advertisements!

[admin@mikrotik-crs236-2] > /ipv6 settings set accept-router-advertisements=yes

FINALLY!

Updated by Nico Schottelius over 4 years ago · 31 revisions