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Managing OpenWRT » History » Revision 20

Revision 19 (Nico Schottelius, 12/10/2020 05:54 PM) → Revision 20/31 (Nico Schottelius, 12/10/2020 06:02 PM)

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 h1. Managing OpenWRT 

 h2. Installing and configuring Jool 

 * You can use one of the known NAT64 prefixes from our networks (LINK!) 
 ** In the example below this is 2a0a:e5c0:2:10::/96 
 * You need to have a /96 (or better: /64) routed to the openwrt 
 ** In the example below this is 2a0a:e5c0:17:1::/96 


 <pre> 
 opkg install kmod-jool 
 opkg install jool-tools 

 # Load the kernel module 
 modprobe jool_siit 

 # The range which will be the target for the 2nd NAT (if needed to reach a v4 ip) 
 jool_siit -6 2a0a:e5c0:2:10::/96 

 # Pick a v6 range to translate TO and a v4 range to translate from 
 jool_siit -e -a 2a0a:e5c0:17:1::/96 192.168.61.0/24 

 # Accept Router Advertisements to keep the default address 
 sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra=2 
 sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra=2 
 sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.eth0.accept_ra=2 
 sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.br-lan.accept_ra=2 

 </pre> 

 h2. Enabling routing with router advertisements 

 * By default ipv6 forwarding is on (good!) 
 * By default accept_ra is 0 
 ** This does not set the route properly into the kernel -> routing is broken 
 * Need to modify accept_ra to 2 

 h2. Enabling SSH access on wan  

 Enable it in the web interface 
 <pre> $URL/cgi-bin/luci/admin/system/admin/dropbear </pre> 

 OR 

 Dropbear uci var (not tested): 

 <pre> 	 option GatewayPorts 'on' </pre> 

 h2. Resetting to factory default 

 * See https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/troubleshooting/failsafe_and_factory_reset 

 <pre> 
 firstboot -y && reboot now 
 </pre> 

 h2. Installing and configuring an APU as a PIB with OpenWRT 

 * Get the x86 64 SQUASHFS image 
 ** https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/19.07.3/targets/x86/64/ 
 ** combined-squashfs.img.gz 
 * Gunzip it 
 * dd it it an usb stick 
 * Boot the usb stick on the APU 
 * When booted, wget it on the APU and write it over /dev/sda 

 <pre> 
 wget ... -O - | gunzip > /dev/sda 
 </pre> 

 * Configure it using pib-setup.sh from ungleich-tools 
 * Create a network on the VPN server 


 h3. Installing openwrt (squashfs) on APU details 

 <pre> 
 opkg update 
 </pre>  

 * Install SSL certifaicates 

 <pre> 
 opkg install libustream-openssl ca-bundle ca-certificates 
 </pre>  

 * check the time and date if it is not correct, modify the time and date as follows  
 <pre> 
 date -s YEARMONTHDATETIME  
 </pre> 

 * Flashing the squashfs openwrt image into the APUs SSD (adjust to the correct version) 

 <pre> 
 wget -O - http://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/19.07.3/targets/ 
 x86/64/openwrt-19.07.3-x86-64-combined-squashfs.img.gz | gunzip > /dev/sda  
 </pre> 

 h3. Defaults after Openwrt installation  

 * eth0 = WAN 
 * eth1&2 = LAN 

 h2. Setting up the GL-INET GL-MT300N-V2 

 * Go to advanced and flash the standard image 
 * Link: https://openwrt.org/toh/gl.inet/gl.inet_gl-mt300n_v2 

 h2. Managing QMI based LTE devices 

 Debug commands: 

 <pre> 
 uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --get-signal-info 
 uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --get-data-status 
 uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --get-current-settings 
 uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --get-capabilities 

 uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --get-imei 

 # get network cell / status 
 uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --get-serving-system        

 # get networks in range 
 uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --network-scan 

 </pre> 

 Reset (might help to clear the NETWORK_REGISTRATION_FAILED error?) 
 <pre> 
 /sbin/uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --set-device-operating-mode offline 
 /sbin/uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --set-device-operating-mode reset 
 /bin/sleep 20 
 /sbin/uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --set-device-operating-mode online 
 /sbin/uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --set-autoconnect enabled 
 /sbin/uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --network-register 
 </pre> 

 Setting the network mode: 

 <pre> 
 ... 
   --set-network-modes <modes>:        Set usable network modes (Syntax: <mode1>[,<mode2>,...]) 
                                     Available modes: all, lte, umts, gsm, cdma, td-scdma 
 ... 

 root@vigir2:~# uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0    --get-signal-info 
 { 
	 "type": "wcdma", 
	 "rssi": -104, 
	 "ecio": 17 
 } 
 root@vigir2:~# uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --set-network-modes lte 

 (wait some time) 
 root@vigir2:~# uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0    --get-signal-info 
 { 
	 "type": "lte", 
	 "rssi": -71, 
	 "rsrq": -11, 
	 "rsrp": -99, 
	 "snr": 72 
 } 


 </pre> 

 Roaming 

 <pre> 
 uqmi -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --set-network-roaming off 

 </pre> 

 * See also: https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/ltedongle 

 

 h2. Managing static IPv6 addresses 

 If using a statically routed IPv6 network, the default RA mechanism does not set an outgoing route by default. This is a bit different from "regular" Linux: 

 * openwrt uses user space odhcp6c 
 * for openwrt we need to setup a "static default route" 
 ** do not forget to select the interface in the list 
 * Default Linux on the other hand needs to use accept_ra=2 if ipv6 forwarding is on 
 ** This also works on openwrt, but it is conflicting/not the correct way to do 
 * **TL;DR If using openwrt with static IPv6 addresses, add a static IPv6 default route** 

 Alternative (currently untested) approach: 

 <pre> 
 instead of hardcoding the subnet in lan, add it as "option ip6prefix" to your wan6/dhcpv6 interface 
 in lan merely add "option ip6assign 64" or however much bits you want to redelegate 
 that should make odhcp6c/netifd aware of the additional prefix and factor that into the default route coverage 
 it should work as if the prefix were received via dhcpv6-pd 
 </pre> 

 (Thanks to jow in #openwrt) 

 h2. Temperature sensor support 

 We are using "temper" based usb temperature sensors. They are read using "temper-py":https://pypi.org/project/temper-py/.  
 The default setup is to write to /www/temperature.txt which allows the temperature to be read from the standard webserver. 

 So if you own a VIIRB/VIWIB/other OpenWRT device using the "openwrt-add-temper":https://code.ungleich.ch/ungleich-public/ungleich-tools/-/blob/master/openwrt-add-temper.sh you can see the temperature on http://ip-of-the-device/temperature.txt. 

 It is refreshed every 5 minutes.